Good to know in air travel...
from Jürgen Vogl
Although political instability, weather conditions affecting flight safety, safety risks, unexpected flight safety deficiencies and strikes are mentioned by way of example, numerous other definitions can only be found in the case law on the regulation. In particular, typical force majeure events (e.g. ash clouds after volcanic eruptions) and the influence of third parties (e.g. acts of sabotage and terrorism) as well as the consequences of rioting passengers and medical emergencies were included in the list of extraordinary circumstances. Furthermore, infrastructure-related situations such as capacity restrictions at airports or restrictions imposed by air traffic control authorities are considered extraordinary circumstances. The explanation: although they can occur again and again, they are clearly outside the sphere of influence and therefore the responsibility of the airline.
As a rule, technical problems are not an exceptional circumstance. The reason for this is that technical problems can always occur with complex machines - such as modern aircraft. According to the ECJ, it can therefore be assumed that even unexpected technical incidents are part of the normal operation of an airline and that the company is therefore regularly confronted with such problems. In this sense, a collision between an aircraft on the ground and an apron vehicle is not an exceptional circumstance.